Opportunity Assessment of Virtual Power Plant Implementation for Sustainable Renewable Energy Development in Indonesia Power System Network

POSYTYF Project Spain, France,
Switzerland,
Germany 2020–2023 2446 MW (Type I—Isolated with Storage),
21,512 MW (Type II—AC Interconnected—
Northern Europe); PV, Wind, Thermal, Hydro [21] ConnectedSolution:
National Grid and
Eversource Massachusetts, USA 2019–now 310 MW; 34,105 Consumers [22] Resilient Homes: Green Mountain Power Vermont, USA 2019–now 60 MW; 269,000 Consumers [23] AEMO VPP
Demonstrations Australia 2019–2022 31 MW/8 DERs (PV, BESS, DR);
7150 Consumers [24] MERLON Spain, Austria, Ireland, UK, Netherlands, Greece 2019–2022 250 kW (Güssing/Strem, Austria);
574 Consumers [25] Simply Energy VPP Australia 2018–2023 6 MW BESS + 2 MW DR/1200 DERs;
700,000 Consumers [26] COMPILE Slovenia, Spain,
Croatia,
Portugal, Greece 2018–2022 13.4 MW/77,000 DERs (Crevillent, Spain);
9 kW/150 DERs (Lisbon, Portugal);
60 kW (Križevci, Croatia);
14,315 Consumers (Crevillent, Spain);
400 Consumers (Lisbon, Portugal) [27] MUSE-GRIDS Italy, Belgium, Ireland, Spain, Greece, Netherlands, Denmark, Israel 2018–2022 33.8 MW (Osimo, Italy);
65 kW (Oud-Heverlee, Belgium);
30,216 Consumers (Osimo, Italy) [28] Consolidated Edison New York, USA 2018–2020 100–300 MW/1000 DERs (PV, ESS);
3,300,000 Consumers [13] AGL VPP Australia 2017–2022 5 MW/1000 DERs (PV, BESS) [29] EU-SysFlex Germany, Italy, Finland,
Portugal, France,
Estonia 2017–2021 Specific data are not available [30] inteGRIDy UK, Italy, Romania, Greece, Spain, Portugal, France 2017–2020 28.8 MW/417 DERs (San Severino, Italy);
7900 Consumers
(San Severino, Italy) [31] WindNODE Germany 2017–2020 Peak Load: 16 GW; Installed Renewables:
33 GW (2018); 16,200,000 Consumers [32] Shanghai Huangpu District VPP Project People’s Republic of China 2016–
unknown 50 MW + 10 MW of DR + 2 MW of
Frequency Regulation;
300 Consumers (Buildings) [33] South Australia VPP Australia 2016–2019 250 MW/1000 DERs (PV, BESS);
50,000 Consumers [34] SmarterEMC2 Italy, Greece, Turkey, UK, Portugal 2015–2017 Specific data are not available [35] PowerShift Atlantic Canada 2010–2015 17.3 MW; 1400 Consumers [36] Smartpool Germany 2009–now 12,294 MW/15,346 DERs (PV, Wind,
Hydropower, Bioenergy) [6] Web2Energy Germany 2009–2015 40.5 MW/16 DERs (CHP, PV, Wind,
Biogas, Hydropower); 200 Consumers [13] Edison Project Bornholm Island,
Denmark 2009–2012 125 MW/52 DERs; 27,000 Consumers [37] FENIX UK, Spain, France 2005–2009 1000–1,000,000 DERs (μ-CHP, PV, Wind);
169,000 Consumers [38]