surface

1. IntroductionWater pollution has become one of the major threats to the entire biosphere due to urbanization and the rapid expansion of industries . Surface water, after treatment, is a common source of municipal water supplies. This…

3.1. Analysis of Heavy Metals in the Surface WaterTable 6 and Table 7 show the research results on the Krzna River concerning the content of heavy metals in the analyzed bottom sediment and surface water samples. The following…

3.1. Comparing the Surface Change by Electrochemical Kinetics ParametersFigure 1a–d shows the cyclic voltammograms of 5 mM ferricyanide and ruthenium complex on the bare and O2-plasma-treated electrodes. Among these voltammograms, the…

Figure 1. Locations of streamflow gauges and the Guxian reservoir over the Luo River basin in the middle reach of the Yellow River. The upper panel (a) shows the location of the Yellow River in China, panel (b) shows the location of…

Rattan species, together with bamboo, are among the most significant non-timber forest products and components of tropical and subtropical forest ecosystems. There exist 631 species, subspecies, and varieties of rattan in 11 genera…

3.1. Proximate Analyses and Fatty Acid ContentApple pomace showed a relatively low content of crude protein and a moderately low content of crude fiber compared to conventional feed material. The proximate content of this variety of…

Sustainability, Vol. 16, Pages 2801: Multi-Scale Analysis of Surface Building Density and Land Subsidence Using a Combination of Wavelet Transform and Spatial Autocorrelation in the Plains of Beijing Sustainability doi:…

The Piper trilinear diagram is a common method for analyzing changes in water chemistry and water chemistry types and is not controlled by human factors . As shown in Figure 3a, the distribution of groundwater and surface water samples…

The PO.DAAC is pleased to announce the availability of the version 6.0 SMAP Sea Surface Salinity (SSS) validated datasets from Remote Sensing Systems (RSS) and sponsored by the NASA Ocean Salinity Science Team. The SMAP satellite was…

1. IntroductionWater resources are a fundamental pillar for human survival and socio-economic development , and also play an indispensable role in climate change, ecological research, and natural disaster monitoring . As an important…

3.2.1. Sorption KineticsThe sorption kinetics of OFL on BS biochars before and after de-ashing treatment were investigated at the initial concentration of 50 mg L−1. As shown in Figure 6, the sorption of OFL on all investigated biochars…

Cuminum cyminum is one of the earliest plants grown in Asia, Africa, and Europe, belonging to the Apaiaceae family . Since antiquity, cumin seeds have been widely utilized in traditional therapy worldwide, as well as in culinary spices…

S/N ratios and detection times from single-forcing runs and their linear combinations. a, S/N ratios for the signal trends obtained by fingerprint analyses involving…

March 18, 2024 DURANGO, Colo.  - Today, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) awarded $75,000 to a team of Fort Lewis College students for a water bacteria…

4.3. PM2.5 and O3 Collaborative Pollution Response to Each PrecursorTo quantitatively estimate the impact of each precursor on the PM2.5 and O3 collaborative pollution of each region, sensitivity analyses based on the PM2.5 and O3…

1. IntroductionCavitation refers to the process in a fluid flow where, due to changes in the pipeline structure or external conditions, the local fluid pressure drops below the current fluid’s saturation vapor pressure. This drop causes…

1 IntroductionLow-mass stars with convective outer layers, also known as solar-like stars, can sustain internal dynamos and have the potential to harbor magnetic activity. Magnetic fields and magnetic cycles are generated by an…

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The LP DAAC is pleased to announce the availability of the Observational Products for End-Users from Remote Sensing Analysis (OPERA) Land Surface Disturbance Alert from Harmonized Landsat Sentinel-2 (HLS) Version 1 data product. This…

DAHLGREN, Va. – Surface Combat Systems Training Command (SCSTC) recently announced its Domain Civilian of the Year (COY) for 2023.   Mr. Mat Swanson, a program analyst for SCSTC’s technical…

This is an early access version, the complete PDF, HTML, and XML versions will be available soon. Submission received: 23 December 2023 / Revised: 4 March 2024 / Accepted: 6 March 2024 / Published: 7 March 2024 Abstract Increased…

Vortices on Jupiter, captured by NASA’s Juno mission in 2022NASA/JPL-Caltech/SwRI/MSSS/Brian Swift Stunning patterns in Jupiter’s atmosphere have been replicated more accurately than ever before in the lab – using a…

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1. IntroductionIn terrestrial climatology, land surface temperature (LST) is defined as the thermal state of the Earth’s surface . This thermodynamic variable arises from the interplay between solar irradiance absorption and…

For the first time in more than 50 years, NASA was able to collect data from new science instruments and technology demonstrations on the Moon. The data comes from the first successful landing of a delivery through NASA’s CLPS…

1. IntroductionEscalating global temperatures and the heightened frequency and intensity of heat waves (HWs) have become prominent focal points in climate change research, with significant implications for health, energy, and ecological…

1. IntroductionMoraines are materials transported and deposited by Quaternary glacial activities . They are mainly composed of chemically stable minerals such as quartz, albitite, mica, and chlorite. However, the particle size…

1. IntroductionThe current substantial increase in global temperature has sparked widespread concern, and climate change is emerging as a central topic of discussion in societies worldwide . With the frequent occurrence of extreme…

This is an early access version, the complete PDF, HTML, and XML versions will be available soon. Open AccessReview by José V. Abellán-Nebot holds a Ph.D. in Industrial Engineering from Jaume I University, where he is  José V.…

Clean Technol., Vol. 6, Pages 199-220: Insights into the Adsorption of Cr(VI) on Activated Carbon Prepared from Walnut Shells: Combining Response Surface Methodology with Computational Calculation Clean Technologies doi:…

1. IntroductionThe process of intensive urbanization is accompanied by a continuous densification of geographical space with artificial surfaces and objects, overconcentration of population, economic and social activities . The…

1. IntroductionMany without electricity worldwide reside in rural areas, and South Africa is not an exception, with an estimated 3.5 million households not connected to the national electricity grid . The Electricity Supply Commission…

The ORNL DAAC recently released the following new AVIRIS dataset by Green, R.O., et al (2023): AVIRIS-NG L2 Surface Reflectance, Facility Instrument Collection, V1 This dataset contains Level 2 (L2) orthocorrected reflectance from the…

Data from the retired Stratospheric Observatory for Infrared Astronomy (SOFIA), a joint venture between NASA and the German Space Agency, led scientists to…

How do we measure the temperature of the Earth? There are actually two different kinds of measurements needed because Earth is made up of land and water. Temperature on land is recorded by weather stations all over the world. Ocean…

New York, United States, Feb. 12, 2024 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) -- Naval ships and surface combatants are examples of modern warships used for operations on the seaside. Maritime warships are equipped with weapon launching systems, such as…

1. IntroductionThe genus Paulownia is originated in China, it has ability to grow large sizes in a very short time . As a raw material widespread used to make boards and decorative materials, such as particleboard, plywood, house…

1. IntroductionPreserving unique ecosystems, such as Lake Baikal, recognized as a UNESCO World Heritage Site , has become increasingly important due to the growing anthropogenic pressure on the natural environment. Out of more than 300…

Say cheese, Moon. We’re coming in for a close-up. As Intuitive Machines’ Nova-C lander descends toward the Moon, four tiny NASA cameras will be trained on the lunar surface, collecting imagery of how the surface changes from interactions…

NASA is wrapping up the initial phase of its Fission Surface Power Project, which focused on developing concept designs for a small, electricity-generating nuclear fission reactor that could be used during a future demonstration on the…

1. IntroductionChitosan is an essential biopolymer in fundamental science, applied research, and industrial biotechnology because of its superior macromolecular structure, physical and chemical characteristics, bioactivity, and…

1. IntroductionSuitable temperature, humidity, nutrient conditions, and planting density are necessary conditions for crop growth . The seedling tray is a key agricultural tool that provides a good growth environment and reasonably…

1. IntroductionForest roads play a vital role in facilitating access to and management and exploitation of forested areas, aiding in the efficient and cost-effective transportation of timber from the logging site to areas of…

Last year was the warmest since records began in the mid-1800s – and likely for many thousands of years before.  It was the first year in which average global temperatures at the surface exceeded 1.5C above…

1. IntroductionOnly 2.5% of the total water on the earth is freshwater that can be used for sustaining life . Water demand is increasing along with the increasing population across the globe, causing high amounts of wastewater…

McLane outlined his vision for the Surface Force centered on progressing the Competitive Edge strategy and achieving the North Star goal of 75 mission capable ships on any…

3.1. Model Evaluation and Statistical Analysis This study utilized CCD coupled with RSM to comprehensively analyze and optimize the conditions for MB dye degradation in the microreactor, which are crucial for understanding the…

1. IntroductionAntifungals are antimicrobial substances that selectively eliminate or prevent topical and life-threatening Invasive Fungal Diseases (IFDs). They support modern medical practice and extensive/intensive agriculture,…

1. IntroductionAircraft structural components experience cyclic loading during operation that causes damage accumulation, fatigue crack initiation and development, and eventually failure. Stress and strain concentration in these…