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1. IntroductionA hyperspectral image (HSI) is a three-dimensional cube composed of spectral and spatial information. Among them, the spectral information consists of hundreds of continuous narrow bands that record the reflectance values…

1. IntroductionThe T cell engager (TCE), which redirects cytotoxic T cells to kill tumor cells, is emerging as a promising strategy to treat cancer patients, especially those with a low-mutation-burden tumor or a low number of…

1. IntroductionThe incidence of melanoma is rapidly increasing worldwide, and it is one of the most frequent tumors affecting young people. In Italy, it represents the second most frequent tumor in men < 50 years and the third most…

Regional anaesthesia involves the reversible blocking of the conduction of pain stimuli in nerve fibres by injecting local anaesthetic drugs into their vicinity.Local anaesthetics block the sodium channels and cause the inhibition of…

2. Materials and Methods 2.1. Study PopulationThis single-center, retrospective study enrolled all consecutive patients with HF undergoing ICM invasive procedures at Careggi University Hospital from January 2019 to December 2023,…

1. IntroductionHuntington’s disease (HD) presents an enduring challenge within the landscape of neurodegenerative disorders . It is a hereditary disorder characterized by a relentless progression of motor dysfunction, cognitive…

1. IntroductionThe World Health Organization (WHO) considers vaccine hesitancy as one of the top threats to global health . Vaccine hesitancy, defined as a “reluctance or refusal to vaccinate despite the availability of vaccines”,…

H1 cells and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) culture, macrophage differentiation, co-culture with Huh7 cells, flow cytometry analysis, and immunofluorescence were performed as described previously . The H1 cells (WiCell Research…

1. IntroductionGroundwater represents the major fraction of freshwater and provides about 50% of the potable water supply around the globe . This valuable resource is currently being exploited due to expansive population growth, rapidly…

Our study seems to suggest that HIV+ patients treated with antiretroviral regimens are at greater risk of developing atheromatous plaques compared to HIV-negative subjects. This risk appears higher for longer exposure to ART as an effect…

1. IntroductionGlioblastoma is the most common primary malignant tumor of the central nervous system (CNS), accounting for 48.6% of tumors, with an estimated incidence of 3.23 per 100,000 persons per year . According to the current WHO…

1. IntroductionA stroke is caused by a physiological or physical interruption in brain blood flow, resulting in damage to the functional brain network. It has been cited as the leading cause of physical disability in adults, leading to…

1. IntroductionResistance exercises are commonly used as the primary method for stimulating muscle adaptations and enhancing strength. Although the intensity variable in resistance exercises remains a subject of debate, the literature…

2.1. Aortic ValveAortic valve disease, mainly stenosis and secondly regurgitation, remains the main type of valve disease with the higher incidence . Aortic valve pathologies exhibit a well-established correlation with advanced age and…

1. IntroductionCoronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) is an infectious disease caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus. Since the publication of the first case in Hubei, China, COVID-19 has reached 772 million confirmed cases and caused 6.9 million…

1. IntroductionCoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has affected millions of people worldwide and was declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization (WHO) on 11 March 2020.The urgency of a prophylactic vaccine mobilized the world…

1. IntroductionMedical imaging modalities such as X-ray, CT, and MRI are often used as a non-invasive procedure to obtain physiological data . Frequently, clinicians use these data for the early detection and diagnosis of diseases such…

1. IntroductionCardiovascular diseases continue to be the leading causes of mortality and morbidity worldwide. While significant progress has been made in the effective prevention of communicable diseases, particularly infections, and…

1. IntroductionCancer, a leading cause of mortality globally, presents a complex challenge in medical science, particularly due to its ability to metastasize (spread) to distant organs. The key to understanding and combating this…

1. IntroductionChronic illnesses are pervasive and persistent on a global scale, thus posing significant challenges to public health and, significantly, contributing to over 70% of global mortality . Chronic illnesses encompass a…

1 Department of Urology, Comprehensive Cancer Center Innsbruck, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria 2 Unit of Oncologic Minimally-Invasive Urology and Andrology, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine,…

1. IntroductionRetinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is considered a disease of retinal vascular proliferation affecting preterm undergoing oxygen therapy. During phase 1 of ROP, delayed developmental retinal vascularisation occurs, and some…

Cardiovascular diseases are considered the leading cause of death worldwide. Approximately 17.9 million people lose their lives to this set of diseases annually, accounting for 32% of fatalities worldwide . This group of diseases…

1. IntroductionRemdesivir (RDV) is a nucleotide analog prodrug that is intracellularly metabolized into an analog of adenosine triphosphate (RDV-TP) that inhibits viral RNA polymerases . RDV has broad spectrum activity against…

Author ContributionsConceptualization, J.L. and Y.W.; Data curation, J.L.; Formal analysis, Y.J. and C.Y.; Funding acquisition, Y.W.; Investigation, T.W.; Methodology, J.L.; Project administration, C.T. and Y.W.; Resources, S.Y.;…

1. Introduction Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is initially characterized by flu-like symptoms, which can be associated with pneumonia and multi-organ damage. The final clinical outcome varies greatly. While some patients may only…

1. IntroductionGastric cancer (GC) remains a leading cause of neoplasm death worldwide, and lymph node spread is a prominent prognostic factor. Currently, D2 lymphadenectomy is considered the standard approach to resectable forms .…

1. IntroductionWork-related musculoskeletal disorders (MSD) are the most prevalent occupational disease in the world . Millions of European workers were affected by this cause in every employment sector, regardless of the type of work…

Coronary artery disease (CAD) and peripheral artery disease (PAD) are two clinical conditions that often coexist, sharing the atherosclerotic process as a common pathophysiological mechanism. Nearly 40% of patients diagnosed with CAD…

1. IntroductionDespite improved survival rates for coronary artery disease (CAD) in recent years, CAD overall prevalence remains a significant concern . With the growing number of older people, along with rising rates of diabetes and…

1. IntroductionOver the past few decades, we have witnessed a rapid decline in many preventable diseases, including smallpox, measles, polio, diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis, measles, mumps, rubella, rotavirus, and hepatitis-B. While…

1. IntroductionThe Maedi-visna virus (MVV) and caprine arthritis-encephalitis virus (CAEV) belong to small ruminant lentiviruses (SRLV), a subgroup of viruses of the family Retroviridae which cause persistent and insidious infections in…

1. IntroductionThymic epithelial tumors (TETs) are the most common mediastinal neoplasms, presenting clinicopathological and molecular heterogeneity. The most recent WHO classification divides them into six major histological subtypes,…

Salman MC, 2009 1 28 yrsNon-tender mass3.5 cm × 3 cmRLMR8 yrs laterSurgical excision+Myxoid stroma/spindle-shaped cells/arterioles with thick wallsN.A.Alive-NEDMcCluggage WG, 2006 1 35 yrsMenorrhagia, swelling, fluctuant mass8 cm × 6 cm…

1. IntroductionThe Patient Blood Management (PBM) standard represents the integrated use of appropriate transfusion practices, multidisciplinary collaboration, preoperative diagnosis of anemia and appropriate clinical decision-making…

1. IntroductionThe patients treated with hemato-oncological malignancies (HO) or undergoing cellular therapies such as hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) or chimeric antigen receptor T cells (CAR-T) were significantly…

1. IntroductionScabies is a contagious skin disease caused by the mite Sarcoptes scabiei var. hominis, an obligate ectoparasite that infects the epidermis of the human skin. Clusters of scabies are common among vulnerable populations in…

1. IntroductionThe prevalence of multi-drug-resistance (MDR) bacterial strains has increased yearly and has become a burden on healthcare systems globally, significantly increasing costs and mortality . A significant contributor to this…

Rabbit hemorrhagic disease virus 2 has spread to 5 continents and has been confirmed in 29 states within the U.S. in addition to two Canadian territories at the time of this publication . The disease is characterized by high mortality…

CACNA1AR192Qrs121908211Gain of function, increased calcium influx and susceptibility to CSD and metabolic alterations.Migraine, FHM S218Lrs121908225Gain of function, increased calcium influx in the neuro system and led to hyper…

1. IntroductionIt is well known that proteinuria is the main predictor of kidney graft loss and that it increases the risks of both global and cardiovascular death . Not only the presence of proteinuria but also the quantity is…

Author ContributionsAll authors contributed to the study conception and design. Conceptualization: K.-i.N.; Formal analysis: M.H., T.T., M.K., T.F., M.T., and H.S.; Funding acquisition: K.-i.N.; Investigation: M.H., S.S., N.U., T.T., and…

1. IntroductionLow back disorders (LBDs) encompass a range of pathologies, such as congenital, developmental, degenerative, traumatic, infectious, inflammatory, and neoplastic conditions, which can lead to pain syndromes, disk…

1. IntroductionThe COVID-19 (coronavirus disease 19) pandemic has posed an unparalleled challenge for healthcare systems worldwide. Among these, the Italian healthcare system faced significant strain right from the onset of the crisis.…

3.1. Analysis and PlanningIn our previous model (Figure 1), post-surgery BC patients were discussed by a multidisciplinary tumor board, and those with hormone-receptor-positive tumors received indications to start adjuvant endocrine…

1. IntroductionResponsible for the COVID-19 pandemic, the novel coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) emerged in Wuhan at the end of 2019 and rapidly spread across the world, impacting the economy and public health . As of November 2023, the WHO…

This is an early access version, the complete PDF, HTML, and XML versions will be available soon. Submission received: 18 January 2024 / Revised: 4 March 2024 / Accepted: 16 March 2024 / Published: 30 March 2024 Abstract PRRS is a…

Author ContributionsConceptualization, E.F.-C.; methodology, C.E. and I.F. (Ion Fratilescu); software, I.F. (Ion Fratilescu) and D.A.; validation, E.F.-C. and I.F. (Ionela Fringu); formal analysis, C.E., D.A., I.F. (Ionela Fringu) and…

Acute lymphoid leukemiaBAG1RS4;11 cell xenograftTg(fli1:GFP)Ext1 and Ext 2 Morpholino-based knockdownTg(Tp1bglob:eGFP)MYCTransgenicTg(rag2:hMYC), Tg(lck:eGFP), Tg(hMYC;GFP)Adenoid Cystic CarcinomaMYBTransgenicZebrafish blastomeres,…

1. IntroductionPeople suffering from coronavirus disease, 2019 (COVID-19) experience symptoms including dry cough, dyspnea, fatigue, fever, diarrhea, anorexia, nausea, vomiting, headaches, and/or muscle pain . However, a distinctive…