Mechanisms

Credit: CC0 Public Domain Over the past few years, hardware manufacturers have developed technologies that ought to make it possible for…

1. IntroductionA third of the food produced worldwide for human consumption goes to waste every year throughout the supply chain for food, amounting to over 1.6 billion tons . Inadequate management of food waste (FW) can lead to the…

Schematic representation of the role of the LDHA–ERK–STAT3/YAP pathway in regulation of CCL2 and CCL7 in glioblastoma cells, which, in turn, promotes macrophage…

1 Introduction Postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) is a common complication affecting the central nervous system (CNS) of elderly patients. It is characterized by severe cognitive deficits, including impaired memory, attention,…

Granular materials, those made up of individual pieces, whether grains of sand or coffee beans or pebbles, are the most abundant form of solid matter on Earth. The way these materials move and react to external…

Cardioprotective ActivityHypotensive SeedFermented condimentsNot described100 g/day (in meal)NAIndividuals known to traditionally consume condiments containing fermented Parkia biglobosa seed had significantly lower systolic and…

A single-center prospective randomized controlled study was conducted to identify the probable mechanisms of the organoprotective effects of exogenous NO in modeling operations with CPB, CPB, and CA (CPB + CA). The work was carried out…

Behavioral Sciences, Vol. 14, Pages 252: Mood Lifters for Graduate Students and Young Adults: A Mixed-Methods Investigation into Mechanisms of Change in Online Group Therapy Behavioral Sciences doi: 10.3390/bs14030252 Authors: Elena…

The morphology of heavy metal ions and the charge on the surface of heavy metal adsorbents are influenced by the pH value . As Cd2+ more readily precipitates in a solution with a higher pH value, the pH value range of the Cd2+ solution…

Forests, Vol. 15, Pages 525: Phenomenon and Mechanisms of Sonneratia apetala Introduction and Spread Promoting Excessive Growth of Derris trifoliata Forests doi: 10.3390/f15030525 Authors: Liu Li Xue Liang Tao Wu…

1. IntroductionThrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP), a severe and often deadly disease, has been extensively studied over the past several decades. The widely accepted mechanism of TTP involves the deficiency of congenital and/or…

By exploiting the hispidin synthase pathway in plants, MRC Laboratory of Medical Sciences scientists have created Chrysanthemums that glow in the dark. Credit:…

1. Introduction: from perfect storms to polycrises As war, extreme weather, hunger, energy scarcity, inflation, pandemics, and myriad other calamities fill our daily news feeds, political leaders often declare that humanity is facing a…

At a time in which scientific research is increasingly cross-disciplinary, Ernest Fraenkel, the Grover M. Hermann Professor in Health Sciences and Technology in MIT’s Department of Biological Engineering, stands…

1. IntroductionThe food industry currently has to deal with competing pressures, as well as the requirements for sustainable production . Sustainable practices have become more critical in achieving the cost-effective production and…

March 5, 2024At a Glance Researchers compared people with post-infectious ME/CFS to those without and found important differences in their brains and other body systems. The findings suggest potential mechanisms for ME/CFS, as…

3.1. Commonly Used Drought IndexesBased on considerations such as the physical mechanisms and computational complexity of various drought indices, this study selects the anomaly percentile index (PJP), SPI, SPEI, and CPZI to…

3.3.2. Explanatory VariablesThe explanatory variables are the network endogenous mechanisms and the stakeholder governance mechanisms. For the endogenous mechanisms, we examined the effects of transitivity and status, using the triadic…

Fast Facts In the U.S., the FCC and the National Telecommunications and Information Administration regulate radio-frequency spectrum use to ensure enough is available for 5G networks, satellites, etc. When there could…

This is an early access version, the complete PDF, HTML, and XML versions will be available soon. Submission received: 19 January 2024 / Revised: 12 February 2024 / Accepted: 16 February 2024 / Published: 19 February 2024 Abstract…

The roles of T cells in multiple sclerosis and Alzheimer’s disease Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a complex autoimmune disease characterized by inflammation of the central nervous system (CNS) following the attack of immune cells that…

Looking for safe analgesics and adjuncts and repurposing existing medications to treat different pain entities are still challenges in pain research. The medicinal arsenal for treating mild to severe forms of acute pain includes…

2.1. Overview of the Study AreaIn the northern part of Nyingchi City, the landscape is characterized by the Nyainqentanglha Mountains to the north, the eastern section of the Himalayas to the south, the residual range of the Gangdise…

1 Introduction Pain is an unpleasant sensory and emotional experience that performs an important physiological function in the body by protecting body tissues from harmful stimuli (Zhang X. et al., 2023; Zhang Z.-Y. et al., 2023).…

1. IntroductionLakes in many countries around the world face the problem of eutrophication, caused by exogenous and endogenous pollutants . When exogenous pollutants are effectively controlled, the sediments at the bottom of the lake…

Graphical abstract. Credit: Cell Reports (2024). DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.113662 A new Cell Reports paper from Bing Yao's lab in Emory's…

Increased cell proliferationA4, Bap31, EGFR, ErbB4E5CYLD, DLG1, DVL2, MPDZ, PTPN13, PTPN3E6B-Myb/MuvB complex, BRG1, CDK2, CHD4, Cyclin A, Cyclin E, E2F1, E2F6, HDAC1, HDAC2, p107, p130, p27KIP1, pRb, PTPN14, SMAD1-4E7Evasion of the…

Similar to the way expanding companies increase their work forces, cells must boost their production of internal biomolecules when they grow in size in order to stay healthy. In the 1970s, biologists showed that this scaled-up…

1. IntroductionThe large water flea (Daphnia magna Straus, 1820) (Branchiopoda, Cladocera) is a zooplankton species widespread in the Northern Hemisphere, up to 5 mm in size. Due to its abundance, it represents an important source of…

1. IntroductionThe occurrence of natural inferior groundwater, particularly high-fluoride (high-F−) groundwater, is a significant issue to the health of residents who rely on groundwater as their primary drinking water source .…

The NER (nucleotide excision repair) mechanism is employed to repair the damage by creating large adducts and intra-strand crosslinks when UV light and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons damage DNA. The nucleotide excision respirasome, a…

January 18, 2024 • Research Highlight Fragile X syndrome  is a genetic disorder caused by the gene FMR1. It is the most common form of inherited intellectual…

Introduction Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a prevalent neurodegenerative disease characterized by motor and non-motor symptoms (Postuma et al., 2015). Among the non-motor symptoms, rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder (RBD) is one…

1. IntroductionBark plays a vital role in protecting the stems of plants, with a complex organization of living and dead cells outside the vascular formation layer . Bark comprises two primary components, each with distinct origins,…

1. IntroductionLand is a vital resource for agricultural development and a critical factor in the lives of farmers. The household contract responsibility system implemented in China in the last century fully mobilized the enthusiasm of…

1. IntroductionRadon is a radioactive gas found under particular circumstances in rocks, soil, and building materials. Through exhalation, it tends to accumulate in indoor environments, where it can reach concentrations representing a…

Graphical abstract. Credit: Current Biology (2023). DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2023.11.014 When humans learn to speak a language, we learn to produce…

The cumulative record of injections (A), active lever presses (B), and the calculated levels of cocaine at the time of each event (C) during a representative…

The adsorption capacity of adsorbents is closely related to the specific surface area and pore structure of the adsorbents . In order to investigate the effect of different activation temperatures on the pore structure of coconut…

Credit: Chemistry of Materials (2023). DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemmater.3c02378 The remarkable proton and oxide-ion (dual-ion) conductivities of…

1. IntroductionIn the event of a hypothetical accident in a pressurized water reactor (PWR), there is the potential for a substantial release of hydrogen gas. This hydrogen can result from the oxidation of metals, either present in the…