Viruses | Free Full-Text | Susceptibility of Mediterranean Buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) Following Experimental Infection with Lumpy Skin Disease Virus
This is an early access version, the complete PDF, HTML, and XML versions will be available soon.
Submission received: 25 January 2024
/
Revised: 9 March 2024
/
Accepted: 14 March 2024
/
Published: 19 March 2024
Abstract
Lumpy skin disease (LSD) is a viral disease of cattle and water buffalo characterized by cutaneous nodules, biphasic fever, and lymphadenitis. LSD is endemic in Africa and the Middle East but has spread to different Asian countries in recent years. The disease is well characterized in cattle while little is known about the disease in buffaloes in which no experimental studies have been conducted. Six buffaloes and two cattle were inoculated with an Albanian LSD virus (LSDV) field strain and clinically monitored for 42 days. Only two buffaloes showed fever, skin nodules, and lymphadenitis. All samples collected (blood, swabs, biopsies, and organs) were tested in real-time PCR and were negative. Between day 39 and day 42 after inoculation, anti-LSDV antibodies were detected in three buffaloes by ELISA, but all sera were negative by virus neutralization test (VNT). Cattle showed severe clinical signs, viremia, virus shedding proven by positive real-time PCR results, and seroconversion confirmed by both ELISA and VNT. Clinical findings suggest that susceptibility in buffaloes is limited compared to in cattle once experimentally infected with LSDV. Virological results support the hypothesis of buffalo resistance to LSD and its role as an accidental non-adapted host. This study highlights that the sensitivity of ELISA and VNT may differ between animal species and further studies are needed to investigate the epidemiological role of water buffalo.
Share and Cite
MDPI and ACS Style
Di Felice, E.; Pinoni, C.; Rossi, E.; Amatori, G.; Mancuso, E.; Iapaolo, F.; Taraschi, A.; Di Teodoro, G.; Di Donato, G.; Ronchi, G.F.;
et al. Susceptibility of Mediterranean Buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) Following Experimental Infection with Lumpy Skin Disease Virus. Viruses 2024, 16, 466.
https://doi.org/10.3390/v16030466
Di Felice E, Pinoni C, Rossi E, Amatori G, Mancuso E, Iapaolo F, Taraschi A, Di Teodoro G, Di Donato G, Ronchi GF,
et al. Susceptibility of Mediterranean Buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) Following Experimental Infection with Lumpy Skin Disease Virus. Viruses. 2024; 16(3):466.
https://doi.org/10.3390/v16030466
Chicago/Turabian Style
Di Felice, Elisabetta, Chiara Pinoni, Emanuela Rossi, Giorgia Amatori, Elisa Mancuso, Federica Iapaolo, Angela Taraschi, Giovanni Di Teodoro, Guido Di Donato, Gaetano Federico Ronchi,
and et al. 2024. “Susceptibility of Mediterranean Buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) Following Experimental Infection with Lumpy Skin Disease Virus” Viruses 16, no. 3: 466.
https://doi.org/10.3390/v16030466